内容提要：非洲常备军是非洲大陆独立60年来孜孜以求联合自强的重要成果，是非洲安全合作一体化从理想到现实迈出的坚实一步。它发端于20世纪初的泛非主义思潮，历经非统组织成员国的持续推进，最终非盟于2002年成功付诸实践。非洲常备军在实际发展中已实现不少建设思路上的突破，完成了许多自身机制性建设的目标。与此同时，它从最初的“泛非军事力量”设想，逐渐变为在现实中的五支逐渐分化的次区域军事力量的组合。从未来发展看，基于内在机制问题、资源配置不均等多重因素的制约，非洲常备军分散化发展态势不仅难以促进非洲安全一体化，反而有消解非洲大陆安全整合努力的风险。这就需要非洲国家凝聚共识，一方面通过非洲大陆域内外资源动员，破解资金不足、人员装备与能力缺乏问题；另一方面推进与优化机制建设，提升非洲国家的集体安全能力。
关键词：安全治理；集体安全机制；非洲常备军；非洲联盟；泛非军事力量；非洲快速反应部队
Abstract: The forming of the African Standby Force is a solid step towards African security integration, and an important achievement of six decades of African independence and seeking of unity and prosperity. The African Standby Force derives from Pan-Africanism in the early 20th century. Through tireless efforts of the OAU member states, the African Union(AU) eventually put the African Standby Force into practice in 2002. In the development process of the African Standby Force, there are a lot of innovation of construction ideas, and many goals of mechanism construction have achieved. However, the African Standby Force has been changed from the initial“Pan-African military force”into five sub-regional military forces that have become divided in reality. The African Standby Force is far from a true Pan-African military force. In consideration of the internal mechanism problems and the distortion of resources allocation, the African Standby Force is not only difficult to promote the security integration, but also has the potential to tear up the security integration efforts in Africa in the future. African states should build consensus to pool resources inside and outside Africa and optimize mechanism. The former is to solve the problems of fund lacking, equipment lacking, and capability failure. The latter is to enhance the ability of collective security.
Key Words: Security Governance; Collective Security Mechanism; African Standby Force; African Union; Pan-African Military Forces; African Capacity for Immediate Response
本文发表于《西亚非洲》2020年第2期。
