张  春

内容提要：“基于其独特历史，非洲复杂的安全挑战大多具有跨境性质，使跨境安全研究的重要性甚至超过国家安全研究。非洲跨境安全研究源于地区和国家的治理能力不足，跨境地区的领土化--再领土化进程，复杂的发展--安全关联，以及各国安全复杂互动形成的消极安全复合体等多重因素互动。非洲的跨境安全研究很大程度上是分裂的，尽管其研究议题可从人、物及人物结合三个层次加以识别，但其理论视角和治理实践等在地区和国家两个层次上截然不同：地区层次上更重视系统性理论、方法和机制建设，而国别层次则呈前现代--现代--后现代关切相互交织的局面。随着全球化与相互依赖的发展，跨境安全正成为非洲超越国家安全，推动地区一体化的首要关切；缘于应对复杂挑战而来的丰富经验，非洲学术易有可能突破西方主导，推动非洲特色的跨境安全研究。

关键词： 国家安全研究 非洲 跨境安全 全球化 学科建设

Abstract: Due to its unique history, most security challenges in Africa are of a cross-border nature, making cross-border security study even more important than that of national security. African cross-border security research stems from African countries’ weak capacity in border governance, the territorialization and re-territorialization of borderlands, the complicated development-security nexus, and the ensuing negative regional security complex. Cross-border security research in Africa is largely fragmented. As to research topics, three levels of analysis can be identified: people, environment, and human-environment interaction. However, theoretical perspectives and governance practices are divided between regional (continental) and state levels: the former pays more attention to systematic theories, methods, and institutions, while the latter is more interested in examining concerns from pre-modern, modern, and post-modern perspectives.  With the deepening of globalization and interdependence, cross-border security is becoming the primary concern of Africa to transcend national security and promote regional integration. Given the rich experience of coping with complex challenges, African academia may break through Western dominance and facilitate cross-border security research with African characteristics.

本文发表于《国际政治研究》2022年 第3期