Salum Mussa Haruna

【内容提要】 随着国际体系向多极秩序的深刻转变，非洲国家与区域组织正日益追求战略自主，其在全球舞台上的参与模式正在经历重大转型。本文超越将非洲视为外部力量被动接收者的传统叙事，系统考察了非洲行为体如何通过南南合作（South-South Cooperation, SSC） 与区域一体化，来推进 "发展性主权（developmental sovereignty）"与 "地缘战略多元化（geostrategic diversification）" 。基于对政策文本的系统性定性分析，并结合中非、印度-非洲、土耳其及海湾国家-非洲伙伴关系，以及通过非洲大陆自由贸易区与区域经济共同体开展的非洲内部合作等结构化案例研究，本文揭示了非洲扩展议价能力、强化制度协调并推行以发展为中心的外交的路径。本文特别以坦桑尼亚为示例性案例（illustrative case），展示其以主权为导向的政策定位与区域参与如何映射出更广泛的非洲大陆战略。研究发现：尽管南南合作能够拓宽非洲的战略选择空间并支持其发展优先事项，但若缺乏透明的治理与协调的制度框架，也可能引发新的非对称性风险、碎片化倾向以及依赖性替代。本文结论指出，非洲在全球治理中日益增长的能动性（agency），更多地取决于持续的区域凝聚力、议价能力与知识主权（knowledge sovereignty），而非单纯的多极化格局本身。

【关键词】 南南合作；非洲大陆自由贸易区；全球治理；发展性主权；坦桑尼亚

Abstract:Africa’s engagement with the international system is undergoing a significant shift as states and regional institutions increasingly pursue strategic autonomy within an emerging multipolar order. This article examines how African actors lever-age South–South cooperation and regional integration to advance developmental sovereignty and geostrategic diversification, moving beyond portrayals of the con-tinent as a passive recipient of   external influence. Drawing on qualitative document and policy analysis and a structured set of illustrative case studies—including China–Africa, India–Africa, Turkey/Gulf–Africa partnerships, and intra-African cooperation through African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and regional economic communities—the study traces how Africa is expanding its bargaining capacity, institutional coordination, and development-centred diplomacy. Particular attentionis given to Tanzania as an illustrative site where sovereignty-oriented policy positioning and regional engagement reflect broader continental strategies. The findings suggest that while South–South cooperation can widen Africa’s strategic options and support development priorities, it also generates new risks of asymmetry, fragmentation, and dependency substitution if not managed through transparent governance and coordinated institutional frameworks. The article concludes that Africa’s growing agency in global governance depends on sustained regional cohesion, bargaining capacity, and knowledge sovereignty rather than on multipolarity alone.

Keywords: South–South Cooperation, African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), Global Governance, Developmental Sovereignty, Tanzania

Originally published in  Asian Review of Political Economy (2026) 5:9

                                                                                一审/苏伟    二审/梁益坚   终审/李湘云